Antibacterial Activity of Ampelocissus latifolia Tuberous Root Extract against Diverse Microbes

Abstract

Microbial drug resistance is growing every day and novel drugs are need of the hour to counter the future threat of large pandemic. The present work for the first time explores the antibacterial activity of methanol, hydro-alcoholic and n-hexane extracts of Ampelocissus latifolia (A. latifolia) tuberous root against few laboratory and clinical isolates. A total of 10 microbes were screened; out of which 1 is a laboratory strain (acid-fast) and the rest 9 are clinical isolates (5 Gram-positive and 4 are Gram-negative), 2 clinical isolates were drug-resistant (1 Gram-positive and 1 Gram-negative). In this screening, methanol extract showed potential antibacterial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative and acid-fast bacteria with zones of inhibition measuring 18 mm, 10 mm and 8 mm, respectively. Hydro-alcoholic and n-hexane extract showed a smaller zone of inhibition compared to methanol extract and the positive control. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methanol and the hydro-alcoholic extract of powdered tuber root was determined by the micro-broth dilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol and hydro-alcoholic extract for Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes varies from 0.18 mg/mL to 1.5 mg/mL. The methanol and hydro-alcoholic extracts were analyzed with FTIR, which revealed the presence of alcohol, alkanes, alkenes, alkyls, ketones and nitro groups in the methanol and hydro-alcoholic extracts of A. latifolia tuberous root. The high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of the methanol extract indicates the presence of at least 5 different compounds with different Rf values.