Antibacterial Activity of Ag‐Hydroxyapatite Coating Against Hematogenous Infection by Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Rat Femur

Abstract

Several antibacterial materials have been developed to prevent periprosthetic joint infection and thus prevent serious complications for patients and surgeons. However, no study has addressed the activity of antibacterial materials against hematogenous infection. The present study evaluated the antibacterial activity of a silver-containing hydroxyapatite-coated implant against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) hematogenous infection. Implants coated with hydroxyapatite and silver-hydroxyapatite were inserted into rats' right and left femurs, respectively, after which the animals were infected with S. aureus via a tail vessel. About 107 colony-forming units was the optimal bacterial number for the establishment of S. aureus hematogenous infection. Bacterial loads and C-reactive protein in the blood were measured to confirm bacteremia and inflammation. Fourteen days after the infection, bacterial loads were statistically lower in the femurs containing silver-hydroxyapatite-coated implants than in those with hydroxyapatite-coated implants (p = 0.022). Thus, silver-hydroxyapatite-coated implants might provide antibacterial activity against MRSA hematogenous infection in the postoperative period. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2655-2660, 2019.