Abstract
Mastitis is an inflammation of mammary gland parenchyma that adversely affects bovine health and dairy production worldwide despite significant efforts to eradicate it. The aim of this work was to characterize the antimicrobial activity of 7-epiclusianone (7-epi), a compound extracted from the Rheedia brasiliensis fruit, its complex with copper against Streptococcus spp. isolated from bovine mastitis, and to assess their cytotoxicity to bovine mammary alveolar cells (MAC-T). The complex 7-epiclusianone-Cu (7-epi-Cu) was an amorphous green solid with optical activity. Its vibrational spectrum in the infrared region showed absorption bands in the high-frequency region, as well as bands that can be attributed to the unconjugated and conjugated stretching of the free ligand. The complex was anhydrous. One of the tested bacterial strains was not sensitive to the compounds, while the other three had MIC values of 7.8 µg mL−1 and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values between 15.6 and 31.3 µg mL−1. These two compounds are bacteriostatic, did not cause damage to the cell wall and, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, did not induce bacterial adhesion. The compounds were not cytotoxic. Based on these results, 7-epi and 7-epi-Cu exhibited desirable antimicrobial properties and could potentially be used in bovine mastitis treatment.
Highlights
The human species has always used plants to control and eradicate diseases [1]
Wasnuclear characterized by elemental analysis (CHN), atomic absorption, thermal analysis7-epi-Cu (TG), infrared (IR), magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet/visible absorption, thermal analysis (TG), infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet/visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, and optical activity ([α]D )
2)the was characterized by elemental (CHN), atomic absorption, thermal analysis (TG), infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet/visible
Summary
The human species has always used plants to control and eradicate diseases [1]. According to theWorld Health Organization, 70–80% of the world’s population depends exclusively on herbs for their primary health care [2]. Compounds isolated from plants are currently applied in modern therapies and play an important role in the synthesis of more complex molecules [3]. In this context, natural products have become an important source for the discovery of new therapeutic agents. Plants are especially rich in these types of compounds due to their wide chemical diversity [4] and represent an important source for new varieties of molecules [2]. Molecules 2017, 22, 823; doi:10.3390/molecules22050823 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules especially rich in these types of compounds due to their wide chemical diversity [4] and represent an important source for new varieties of molecules [2]
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