Antibacterial activity, GC-MS and TLC/HPTLC Fingerprint analysis of Plectranthus vettiveroides (Jacob) N.P. Singh and B.D. Sharma -An endemic plant in South India

Abstract

The study focused to evaluate antibacterial activity of various parts of Plectranthus vettiveroides, GC-MS analysis and HPTLC fingerprint profile was done for chloroform leaf extract of Plectranthus vettiveroides. Different parts of Plectranthus vettiveroides successively extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol. All these extracts were performed for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Shigella flexneri, Enterococcus faecalis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Micrococcus luteus, Yersinia enterocolitica and Salmonella typhimurium by disc diffusion method. The leaves chloroform extract was first time reported prominent antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration calculated against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Shigella flexneri, Enterococcus faecalis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Micrococcus luteus. The chemical composition of the chloroform leaves extract was analysed by GC–MS and HPTLC fingerprint profile was done. The major chemical constituents are butylphosphonic acid, pentyl 4-(2-phenylprop-2-yl) phenyl ester, benzaldehyde, 3-nitro-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazine and γ-sitosterol. These major compounds might have contributed for the antibacterial activity of chloroform extract could be a potential source for controlling human bacterial disease.