Abstract
The recent increasing use of artificial antibiotics has prompted an expansion in resistant strains and high site reactions. Medicinal plants have for quite some time been utilized as traditional medicine to treat pathogenic bacteria. In such manner, consistently numerous scientists are sending a range of plant’s secondary compounds to the customer advertise for the treatment of human illnesses. Accordingly, the distinguishing proof of plant spices with antimicrobial impacts can assist with delivering new medications with a wide range of impacts. The aim of the present research was to examine the ability of ethanolic leaves extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis plant as antibacterial agent against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The zone of inhibition increased with increase in concentration of the test solution. Higher activity of ethanolic extract was found against S. aureus (2.4 cm) than E. coli (1.8 cm). In addition, the repetitive element PCR (Rep-PCR) significantly showed that several genetic numbers of polymorphic bands were observed in S. aureus and E. coli treated bacteria with leaves extracts and not observed in the control. These results indicate that these extracts have a genotoxicity effect on the two bacterial genomes. The obtained results demonstrate that R. officinalis can be used as a potential source of antibacterial and genotoxicity factors.
Highlights
One of the concerns in the biomedical and medical sciences is the resistance of bacteria to chemical drugs, in cases, where drug resistance is created by changing the drug to fight against pathogenic bacteria[1]
The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the two species were compared with other S. aureus and E coli strains that stored in GenBank database
S. aureus and E. coli are located in same species that collected from GenBank (Fig. 1)
Summary
One of the concerns in the biomedical and medical sciences is the resistance of bacteria to chemical drugs, in cases, where drug resistance is created by changing the drug to fight against pathogenic bacteria[1]. The result was the expansion of the clinical use of natural and synthetic antibiotics in the treatment of clinical infections[3]. Natural medications, especially medicinal plants, have been the basis and even in some cases the only treatment, while their raw materials have been used in the pharmaceutical industry[6]. The medicinal plants have several characteristics for using to treat bacterial diseases, as natural, low-risk and inexpensive compared to synthetic antibiotics[7,8,9]. These herbal remedies are more popular with people[10,11,12]
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