Abstract
Aqueous extracts of the heartwood of the Mexican plant, Haematoxylon braziletto , contain a substance which, in appropriate concentrations, is bactericidal for Salmonella typhosa and Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus and is bacteriostatic for Escberichia coli . The active principle has not been unequivocally identified but it is suggested that the antibacterial action is due to the pigment, brazilein, or to its precursor, brazilin, or to some derivative (s) of these. Neither the unpigmented sapwood nor the bark of the plant contains the active principle. Hematoxylin, which is derived from the heartwood of the related plant, H. campechianum , and which contains pigments that are closely related chemically to those of H. braziletto , has similar antibacterial activity in similar concentrations.
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