Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by multidrug resistant phenotypes constitute a worldwide health concern. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of five medicinal plants: Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii, Myrianthus arboreus, Dischistocalyx grandifolius and Tragia benthamii against a panel of 28 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. The liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts. The best activity was recorded with Canarium schweinfurthii bark extract, MIC values ranging from 32 to 1024 µg/mL being recorded against 85.7 % tested bacteria. Broad spectra of antibacterial activities were also obtained with both bark and leaf extracts from Myrianthus arboreus (78.6 %) as well as the bark extract from Fagara macrophylla (75.0 %). The lowest MIC value of 32 µg/mL was obtained with Canarium schweinfurthii bark extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae KP63 strain. The results of this work provide baseline information for the use of the studied plants, and mostly Fagara macrophylla, Canarium schweinfurthii and Myrianthus arboreus in the treatment of bacterial infections including multidrug resistant phenotypes.
Highlights
The spread of multidrug resistant bacteria constitutes a major hurdle in chemotherapy (Kuete 2013)
The best activity was recorded with Canarium schweinfurthii bark extract, the obtained minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being ranged from 32 to 1024 μg/mL against 24 of the 28 (85.7 %) test bacteria
MIC values below or equal to 1024 μg/mL were noted with Fagara macrophylla leaves and whole-plant extracts from Dischistocalyx grandifolius and Tragia benthamii on respectively against 13/28(46.4 %), 12/28 (42.9 %) and 11/28 (39.3 %) tested bacteria
Summary
The spread of multidrug resistant bacteria constitutes a major hurdle in chemotherapy (Kuete 2013). In Gramnegative bacteria, efflux pumps belonging to the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) family of tripartite efflux pumps are largely involved in multidrug resistance (Van Bambeke et al 2006). The propagation of bacterial MDR phenotypes is a great challenge for scientist for the discovery of novel antibacterial agents. The role of medicinal plants as sources of anti-infective compounds. Seukep et al SpringerPlus (2015) 4:567 et al 2015). In our ongoing investigation of antibacterial plants, we designed the present work to investigate in vitro antibacterial activity of the methanol extracts of five medicinal plants, Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. B. Clarke (Acanthaceae), Fagara macrophylla (Oliv.) Engl. (Euphorbiaceae) (Table 1) against MDR Gram-negative bacteria Beauv. (Moraceae) and Tragia benthamii Bak. (Euphorbiaceae) (Table 1) against MDR Gram-negative bacteria
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