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Abstract
BackgroundClaoxylon indicum Hassk. (Euphorbiaceae), named Diu Le Bang, have functions of dehumidification and relieving swelling pain, and is used as a folk medicine to treat Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lumbocrural pain and foot edema in the south of China. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-arthritic activity of the ethanol extract of Claoxylon indicum (CIE) on mice with adjuvant induced joint arthritis.MethodsAdjuvant arthritis was induced in mice by subcutaneous injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant into the plantar surface of right hind paw. Arthritis severity was evaluated by arthritic score, hind paws oedema and spleen index, and histological examinations. Serum samples were collected for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. The expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the specimens of knee joints was determined by standard immunohistochemical techniques.ResultsCIE administration (0.4 and 0.8 g/kg) suppressed the inflammatory responses in the joints of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) mice, suggested by the modulatory effects on paw swelling, hyperplasia of lymphatic tissues and synovial membrane. It also decreased the levels of MDA and ALP in serum and downregulated the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the arthritic joints of AIA mice.ConclusionThese results suggested that CIE possessed substantial anti-arthritic activity due to immumodepression and regulation of cytokines. CIE may be a potential candidate for the treatment of RA.
Highlights
Claoxylon indicum Hassk. (Euphorbiaceae), named Diu Le Bang, have functions of dehumidification and relieving swelling pain, and is used as a folk medicine to treat Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lumbocrural pain and foot edema in the south of China
We have reported the presence of oleanolic acid and scopoletin in Ethanol extract of Claoxylon indicum (CIE) [10]
In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, RArelated symptoms belong to the category of Bi Zheng, which can be manifested as arthralgia and dyskinesia of the joints and limbs due to an attack of the meridians of the limbs by wind, dampness, and heat or cold pathogens [23]
Summary
Claoxylon indicum Hassk. (Euphorbiaceae), named Diu Le Bang, have functions of dehumidification and relieving swelling pain, and is used as a folk medicine to treat Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lumbocrural pain and foot edema in the south of China. (Euphorbiaceae), named Diu Le Bang, have functions of dehumidification and relieving swelling pain, and is used as a folk medicine to treat Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lumbocrural pain and foot edema in the south of China. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-arthritic activity of the ethanol extract of Claoxylon indicum (CIE) on mice with adjuvant induced joint arthritis. (Euphorbiaceae) (CI), the root of which is known as Diu Le Bang (DLB) distributed in the southwest to the southeast of China, has been used to treat RA as folk medicine for a long history [6, 7]. The ethanol extract of CI (CIE) exhibited anti-arthritic activity at a dose of 0.5 g/kg as a preliminary experiment. Oleanolic acid had antiinflammatory activity in rats and mice [11] and antiarthritic effect on adjuvant-induced chronic arthritis
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