Abstract
Fruit extracts from black currants (Ribes nigrum L.) are traditionally used for treatment of gastritis based on seed polysaccharides that inhibit the adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to stomach cells. For detailed investigations an arabinogalactan protein (F2) was isolated from seeds and characterized concerning molecular weight, carbohydrate, amino acid composition, linkage, configuration and reaction with β-glucosyl Yariv. Functional testing of F2 was performed by semiquantitative in situ adhesion assay on sections of human gastric mucosa and by quantitative in vitro adhesion assay with FITC-labled H. pylori strain J99 and human stomach AGS cells. Bacterial adhesins affected were identified by overlay assay with immobilized ligands. 125I-radiolabeled F2 served for binding studies to H. pylori and interaction experiments with BabA and SabA. F2 had no cytotoxic effects against H. pylori and AGS cells; but inhibited bacterial binding to human gastric cells. F2 inhibited the binding of BabA and fibronectin-binding adhesin to its specific ligands. Radiolabeled F2 bound non-specifically to different strains of H. pylori; and to BabA deficient mutant. F2 did not lead to subsequent feedback regulation or increased expression of adhesins or virulence factors. From these data the non-specific interactions between F2 and the H. pylori lead to moderate antiadhesive effects.
Highlights
IntroductionThe berry fruits, containing unsaturated fatty acids, anthocyanidins, flavonols, pectins, fruit acids, invert sugar and polysaccharides, are widely used in food technology, and in traditional medicine for stomach pain, wound healing and inflammation in the oral cavity [1]
arabinogalactan protein (AGP) are mostly mixtures of different proteins and peptides [33] linked to complex arabinogalactan polysaccharides, which leads to a deactivation of protein functionality
blood group binding adhesion (BabA) only leads to a 20% to 30% reduction of bacterial adhesion
Summary
The berry fruits, containing unsaturated fatty acids, anthocyanidins, flavonols, pectins, fruit acids, invert sugar and polysaccharides, are widely used in food technology, and in traditional medicine for stomach pain, wound healing and inflammation in the oral cavity [1]. R. nigrum seeds occur in great quantities as by-products from juice and jam production and contain about 27% to 33% of fatty oil [2,3]. During the last years the seeds of black currants have been attracting attention for use in cosmetics and dermatology for skin regeneration and neurodermitis [4]. Beside the unsaturated fatty oil, seed polysaccharides seem to influence skin cell physiology [4]
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