ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR TREATMENT IN DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA: RESULTS FROM A LARGE SINGLE-CENTER COHORT WITH BEVACIZUMAB AS FIRST-LINE THERAPY.

Abstract

To explore visual acuity (VA) outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) intravitreal injections in treatment-naive eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME), with bevacizumab as first-line treatment. Retrospective single-center cohort study over a three-year follow-up. Overall, 1765 eyes from 1179 patients treated with intravitreal injections were evaluated. The cohort was divided according to the treatment given: (1) bevacizumab monotherapy, (2) eyes switched to a second-line agent, and (3) eyes switched to a third-line agent. In total, 644 eyes of 444 patients met inclusion criteria. The mean age at presentation was 64.0 ± 11.1 years. The mean follow-up period was 24.6 ± 12.4 months. Furthermore, 67.1% of eyes were treated with bevacizumab monotherapy, 25.45% switched to a second-line agent, and 7.45% were switched to a third-line agent. The mean number of injections decreased significantly during each treatment year in the total cohort and within each treatment group ( P < 0.001). Mean VA for the total cohort and within each treatment group improved significantly throughout follow-up ( P < 0.001). No significant difference in VA was found between the groups ( P = 0.373). This real-world study demonstrates robust and consistent VA gains over long-term follow-up in eyes with DME treated with either bevacizumab monotherapy or switching to alternative anti-VEGF agents in cases of suboptimal response.