Abstract
Neoplasia literally means the process of “new growth,” and a new growth is called a neoplasm. The term tumor was originally applied to the swelling caused by inflammation. Neoplasms also may induce swellings, but by long precedent, the non-euplastic usage of tumor has passed into limbo; thus, the term is now equated with neoplasm. Oncology (Greek oncos = tumor) is the study of tumors or neoplasm’s. Cancer is the common term for all malignant tumors. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-tumor activity of ethanolic leaves extract of Epipremnum aureum Linn. and evaluated by in-vitro and in-vivo experimental models. To achieve objectives, EEEA was subjected to phytochemical screening and tested for oral toxicity test. The in-vitro study was carried out by means of MTT assay and Trypan blue dye exclusion assay using DAL cell lines. The in-vivo anti-tumor activity was evaluated against DAL tumour bearing mice by liquid tumour models. Preliminary phytochemical screening was confirmed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, phenolic, steroids, and triterpeniods etc. EEEA showed good cytotoxic effect on DAL cell line in MTT assay and Trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Oral administration of EEEA in tumour bearing mice for 14 days, showed significant reduction in the percent increase in body weight, tumour volume, tumour weight, viable cell count when compared to the untreated mice of the DAL control group. The restoration of the haematological parameters towards the normal control was also observed. The results suggested that the EEEA exhibits significant anti-tumor activity towards both methods. The DAL-bearing mice orally administered leaves of Epipremnum aureum Linn., at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight showed significant change in the average life span compared to animals of the tumor control group. The percentage increase in body weight, tumor cell volume, and number of viable tumor cells were found to be significantly less than the tumor control animals, indicating the anti-tumor nature of the extract.
Highlights
Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth
In-vitro anti-tumor activity The in-vitro anti-tumor activity against DAL cell lines were carried out for EEEA at different concentrations to determine the IC50 (50% growth inhibition) by MTT assay and Trypan blue dye exclusion assay
MTT assay As per the MTT assay in DAL cell line, the percentage inhibition increased in a dose dependent manner. 5-FU inhibits the process (50%) at a concentration of 55.60 μg/ml
Summary
Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth. The cancer cells invade the adjacent and distant tissues via circulation. Cancer is a group of diseases in which the cells are aggressive (grow and divide without natural limits), invasive (invade and destroy adjacent tissues), and/or metastatic (spread to other locations in the body).[1] The available anti-tumor drugs have distinct mechanisms of action which may vary in their effects on different types of normal and cancer cells.[2] A single ‘cure’ for cancer has proved elusive since there is not a single type of cancer but as many as 100 different types of cancer. There are very few demonstrable biochemical differences between cancerous cells and normal cells For this reason the effectiveness of many anticancer drugs is limited by their toxicity to normal rapidly growing cells in the intestinal and bone marrow areas. Many natural products have been recognized to have the ability to induce apotosis in various tumor cells of human origin Epipremnum aureum Linn. is a species of flowering plant of Araceae, native in
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