Abstract
A Streptomyces strain MS-6-6 with promising anti-tuberculous activity was isolated from soil samples in Saudi Arabia. The nucleotide sequence of its 16S rRNA gene (1426 bp) evidenced a 100% similarity to Streptomyces mutabilis. Through an anti-tuberculous activity-guided approach, a polyketide macrolide was isolated and identified as treponemycin (TP). The structure of the isolated compound was determined by comprehensive analyses of its 1D and 2D NMR as well as HRESI-MS. In addition to the promising anti-tuberculous activity (MIC = 13.3 µg/mL), TP showed broad spectrum of activity against the Gram positive, Gram negative strains, and Candida albicans. Improvement of TP productivity (150%) was achieved through modification in liquid starch nitrate medium by replacing KNO3 with corn steep liquor and yeast extract or tryptone, and removing CaCO3 and K2HPO4. The follow up of TP percentage as well as its metabolites profile for each media was assessed by LC/DAD/MS.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most serious infectious diseases
A total of 492 Streptomyces isolates were obtained from 93 soil samples collected from different localities in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia
The anti-tuberculous activity of the isolates was evaluated against M. tuberculosis (ATCC 25177) by cup-diffusion techniques
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most serious infectious diseases. One-third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Different types of anti-tuberculous antibiotics are produced by Streptomyces sp. Other anti-tuberculous antibiotics produced by Streptomyces include D-cycloserine and kendomycin that produced from S. garyphalus and S. violaceoruber, respectively [9,10]. The microbial production of secondary metabolites including antibiotics is affected greatly by nutritional condition [11]. The sources of carbon and nitrogen in the medium are of particular importance, since microbial cells and fermentation products are composed largely of these two elements [12]. This work describes the genetic identification of Streptomyces strain(s) with promising anti-tuberculosis activity collected from Saudi Arabia soil, purification and structure determination of the bioactive agent, evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the purified compound, and improvement of bioactive compound productivity
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