Anti-trypanosomal activity of nigerian plants and their constituents.

Ngozi Justina Nwodo,Fidele Ntie-Kang,Akachukwu Ibezim,Michael Umale Adikwu,Chika John Mbah

doi:10.3390/molecules20057750

Ngozi Justina Nwodo, Fidele Ntie-Kang + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20057750

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Abstract

African trypanosomiasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease causing serious risks to the lives of about 60 million people and 48 million cattle globally. Nigerian medicinal plants are known to contain a large variety of chemical structures and some of the plant extracts have been screened for antitrypanosomal activity, in the search for potential new drugs against the illness. We surveyed the literatures on plants and plant-derived products with antitrypanosomal activity from Nigerian flora published from 1990 to 2014. About 90 plants were identified, with 54 compounds as potential active agents and presented by plant families in alphabetical order. This review indicates that the Nigerian flora may be suitable as a starting point in searching for new and more efficient trypanocidal molecules.

Highlights

African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Trypanosoma.Trypanosoma vivax (T. vivax), Trypanosoma congolense (T. congolense) and to a lesser extentTrypanosoma brucei brucei (T. b. brucei) are the main species responsible for African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) called nagana in West Africa while T. b. rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense cause sleeping sickness
Surra and Dourine are caused by the other trypanosome species T. evansi and T. equiperdum respectively
In Nigeria, trypanosomiasis seems to be re-emerging as an important livestock disease, assuming major clinical importance in small ruminants and extending to previously designated tsetse-free zones [2,3]

Summary

Introduction

African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Trypanosoma. Brucei in vitro after one hour of incubation, while the methanol extract of the plant showed a dose-dependent suppressive property in mice infected with T. evansi [35,36]. His results revealed that methanol leaf, stem and root bark extracts of the plant at. Brucei (100%) was completely immobilized in vitro at MIC of 20 mg/mL of aqueous ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii (Loganiaceae) root bark [86,93,94,95]. Among the three compounds 35, 36 and 37 isolated from the ethanol bark extracts of two plants from the Rubiaceae family (Nauclea pobeguinii and Nauclea latifolia), only 37 had activity in vitro (MIC = 12.5 μg/mL) against T. b.

Conclusions

Findings

31. Administrative