Abstract
Plant-associated microorganisms are known to produce a variety of metabolites with novel structures and interesting biological activities. An endophytic fungus FJBJ11, isolated from the plant tissue of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Simaroubaceae), was proven to be significantly effective in producing metabolites with anti-Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activities. The isolate was identified as Aspergillus tubingensis FJBJ11 based on morphological characteristics and ITS sequence. Bioassay-guided isolation led to the identification of a cycli penta-peptide, malformin A1, along with two cyclic dipeptides, cyclo (Gly-l-Pro) and cyclo (Ala-Leu). Malformin A1 showed potent inhibitory effect against the infection and replication of TMV with IC50 values of 19.7 and 45.4 μg·mL−1, as tested using local lesion assay and leaf-disc method, respectively. The results indicated the potential use of malformin A1 as a leading compound or a promising candidate of new viricide.
Highlights
IntroductionTobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most well-studied plant viruses, which could infect more than 400 plant species belonging to 36 families, but until now no effective chemical treatments appeared capable of inhibiting virus replication and multiplication once it does infect host plants [1,2,3]
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most well-studied plant viruses, which could infect more than 400 plant species belonging to 36 families, but until now no effective chemical treatments appeared capable of inhibiting virus replication and multiplication once it does infect host plants [1,2,3].Plant-derived natural products represent a rich resource of novel structural and biological active leading compounds
The active MeOH soluble fraction was first subjected to column chromatography with Sephadex LH-20 eluted with 80% MeOH to give six fractions, Fr.1–Fr.6, among which only Fr.2 showed potent anti-TMV effect with an inhibitory rates of 98.7%
Summary
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most well-studied plant viruses, which could infect more than 400 plant species belonging to 36 families, but until now no effective chemical treatments appeared capable of inhibiting virus replication and multiplication once it does infect host plants [1,2,3]. Plant-associated microorganisms are known to produce a variety of metabolites with novel structures and interesting biological activities, and the claimed medicinal properties and biological activities of some plant species have been attributed to the microorganisms living in association with these plants [7,8,9]. It is a reasonable and promising approach to searching for potential biological active endophytic fungi from plants, which have been proved to be sources of antiviral metabolites. We describe in this paper the identification of the active isolate, bio-assay guided isolation and structure elucidation of the active components
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