Abstract
Zerumbone (ZER) is a cytotoxic phytochemical component extracted from the tropical herbal plant, Zingiber Zerumbet smith. It has been identified as an active anticancer compound. This study was aimed to evaluate in vitro the anti-proliferative activity of this bioactive compound, zerumbone, on seven cancer cell lines namely: CEMss (T4-lymphoplastoid), Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO), 3T3 (mouse fibroblast), WEHI-3 (murine monomyelocytic leukemia), HeLa (Human cervical cancer), MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and MDA-MB-231 (human mammary cancer-estrogen negative). The antiproliferative activity of ZER was evaluated using 3-[4,5-dimethylthizol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, together with the commercially available anticancer drug Cisplatin as a control drug. The most sensitive cells to ZER were found to be WEHI-3B, 3T3 and Hela cell lines with an IC50 of 5, 6 and 6.4 µg mL-1, respectively, followed by CEMss cell lines with an IC50 of 12 µg mL-1. This indicates the possible potential use of ZER for treatment of hematological cancers in addition to the cervical cancer. Meanwhile, ZER was found to be less toxic to the normal cell lines CHO.
Highlights
Asian traditional medicine has introduced the medicinal herbs for treatment of various ailments including malignant cancers
Seven cell lines have been exposed to increasing concentrations of ZER, four cell lines belong to solid tumours namely HeLa, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and 3T3 and two cell lines were of hematological origin WEHI-3B and CEMss
ZER was most cytotoxic against WEHI-3B, 3T3 and human cervical cancer cells (Hela) with promising concentrations to be used as an anticancer drug
Summary
Asian traditional medicine has introduced the medicinal herbs for treatment of various ailments including malignant cancers. The most frequently used medicinal herbal preparations in Asian traditional medicine were formulated from the Zingiberaceae family. It has been used for treatment of sores, swelling and loss of appetite. The boiled rhizome’s juice has been used as medicines for treatment of worm infestations in children. The rhizomes have been known in Asian traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases and in particular for treatment of many gastrointestinal tract conditions (Jang et al, 2004; Prakash et al, 2011). The main active constituents of the volatile oils of the rhizomes were found to contain zerumbone, humuline and camphene (Jang et al, 2005)
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