Abstract
BackgroundOxidative stress is imperative for its morbidity towards diabetic complications, where abnormal metabolic milieu as a result of hyperglycemia, leads to the onset of several complications. A biological antioxidant capable of inhibiting oxidative stress mediated diabetic progressions; during hyperglycemia is still the need of the era. The current study was performed to study the effect of biologically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to control the hyperglycemic conditions in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice.ResultsThe profound control of AuNPs over the anti oxidant enzymes such as GSH, SOD, Catalase and GPx in diabetic mice to normal, by inhibition of lipid peroxidation and ROS generation during hyperglycemia evidence their anti-oxidant effect during hyperglycemia. The AuNPs exhibited an insistent control over the blood glucose level, lipids and serum biochemical profiles in diabetic mice near to the control mice provokes their effective role in controlling and increasing the organ functions for better utilization of blood glucose. Histopathological and hematological studies revealed the non-toxic and protective effect of the gold nanoparticles over the vital organs when administered at dosage of 2.5 mg/kilogram.body.weight/day. ICP-MS analysis revealed the biodistribution of gold nanoparticles in the vital organs showing accumulation of AuNPs in the spleen comparatively greater than other organs.ConclusionThe results obtained disclose the effectual role of AuNPs as an anti-oxidative agent, by inhibiting the formation of ROS, scavenging free radicals; thus increasing the anti-oxidant defense enzymes and creating a sustained control over hyperglycemic conditions which consequently evoke the potential of AuNPs as an economic therapeutic remedy in diabetic treatments and its complications.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is imperative for its morbidity towards diabetic complications, where abnormal metabolic milieu as a result of hyperglycemia, leads to the onset of several complications
The images clearly show that the average size of the particles was found to be in the order of 50 nm and depicts that they are relatively uniform in diameter and spherical in shape. (Figure 1A) The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern obtained showed four intense peaks in the whole spectrum of 2θ values ranging from 20 to 80
The XRD pattern clearly shows that the gold nanoparticles formed by the reduction of AuCl4 - ions by Bacillus licheniformis are crystalline in nature (Figure 1B)
Summary
Oxidative stress is imperative for its morbidity towards diabetic complications, where abnormal metabolic milieu as a result of hyperglycemia, leads to the onset of several complications. A biological antioxidant capable of inhibiting oxidative stress mediated diabetic progressions; during hyperglycemia is still the need of the era. Diabetes mellitus a lifelong progressive disease is a chronic metabolic disorder due to the relative deficiency of insulin secretion and varying degrees of insulin resistance and is characterized by high circulating glucose [1]. This disease has reached epidemic proportion among the challenging unresolved health problems of the 21st century. Several pathogenic pathways are activated in diabetes among which reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by high glucose levels is responsible for metabolic abnormalities and chronic metabolic pathways and thereby preventing the onset of complications is still the need of the era. Several pharmacological companies have won approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the use and development of nanotechnology-based drugs in the last few years
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