Abstract
BackgroundTrichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is a parasite occurring worldwide that has been proven to have antitumour ability. However, studies on the antitumour effects of cross antigens between the tumour and T. spiralis or antibodies against cross antigens between tumours and T. spiralis are rare.MethodsTo study the role of cross antigens between osteosarcoma and T. spiralis, we first screened the cDNA expression library of T. spiralis muscle larvae to obtain the cross antigen gene tumour protein D52 (TPD52), and prepared fusion protein TPD52 and its antiserum. The anti-osteosarcoma effect of the anti-TPD52 antiserum was studied using cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assays as well as in vivo animal models; preliminary data on the mechanism were obtained using western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses.ResultsOur results indicated that TPD52 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of MG-63 cells. Anti-TPD52 antiserum inhibited the proliferation of MG-63 cells and the growth of osteosarcoma in a dose-dependent manner. The tumour inhibition rate in the 100 μg treatment group was 61.95%. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that injection of anti-TPD52 antiserum increased the serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12 in nude mice. Haematoxylin and eosin staining showed that anti-TPD52 antiserum did not cause significant pathological damage. Apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells was induced by anti-TPD52 antiserum in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionsAnti-TPD52 antiserum exerts an anti-osteosarcoma effect by inducing apoptosis without causing histopathological damage.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is a parasite occurring worldwide that has been proven to have antitumour ability
The presence of cross antigens between osteosarcoma and T. spiralis Thirteen positive plaques were obtained by screening the cDNA expression library of T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML) twice with anti-MG-63 cell antiserum (Fig. 1a, b)
When the prediction result of VaxiJen 2.0 is greater than the threshold of 0.5, it indicates that the protein is a potential antigen
Summary
Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is a parasite occurring worldwide that has been proven to have antitumour ability. Research has shown that cross antigens between tumours and these parasites, such as certain carbohydrate antigens like Tn and Tk, act via critical molecular mechanisms generating antitumour effects and are thought to be one of the important mechanisms by which parasites inhibit tumour growth [16, 17]. These antigens, called heterogenetic antigens, can break immune tolerance and demonstrate good immunogenicity [18]. These parasites and their antigens offer a new direction for cancer biotherapy
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