Anti-Osteoporotic Effects of Polysaccharides Isolated from Persimmon Leaves via Osteoclastogenesis Inhibition.

Youn-Hwan Hwang,Chang-Won Cho,Taesoo Kim,Young-Ran Song,Hyunil Ha,Hee-Do Hong,Rajeong Kim

doi:10.3390/nu10070901

Youn-Hwan Hwang, Chang-Won Cho + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070901

Copy DOI

Abstract

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.f.) leaves have traditionally been used as a phytomedicine, in health beverages to treat cardiovascular and respiratory disease and to promote maternal health in East Asia. In particular, polysaccharides from persimmon are known to have anti-coagulant, anti-oxidant, and immune-stimulatory activities. However, their beneficial effects against osteoporosis have not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the anti-osteoporotic effects of polysaccharides from persimmon leaves (PLE0) using an in vivo model of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss and an in vitro system of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. In the OVX mouse model, PLE0 remarkably improved OVX-induced trabecular bone loss by suppressing osteoclast activity. In primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), PLE0 dose-dependently inhibited osteoclast differentiation. In addition, PLE0 down-regulated RANKL-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as p38, ERK, and JNK resulting in suppression of nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) expression. Our results indicate that PLE0 has anti-osteoporotic effects in OVX-induced bone loss via inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, PLE0 from persimmon may prevent postmenopausal bone loss and osteoporotic bone fragility.

Highlights

IntroductionBone remodeling is tightly regulated via coupling and communication between osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells)
Bone remodeling is tightly regulated via coupling and communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts
We investigated the effect of polysaccharides from persimmon leaves (PLE0) in ameliorating in vivo osteoporotic bone loss and inhibiting in vitro osteoclast differentiation

Summary

Introduction

Bone remodeling is tightly regulated via coupling and communication between osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells). Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells formed via proliferation, differentiation, and fusion of mononuclear hematopoietic progenitor cells During these processes, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) have pivotal roles in osteoclast formation and activation [2,3]. RANKL, as a key regulator of osteoclast differentiation, triggers the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway through binding to its receptor, RANK. These processes up-regulate expression of NFATc1, a master transcription factor of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation [4]. Previous reports demonstrated that ectopic expression of NFATc1 causes precursors

Methods

Results

Conclusion