Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease associated with low bone mineral density. It is the process of bone loss and is most commonly caused by decreased estrogen production in women, particularly after menopause. Pueraria lobata, which contains various metabolites, especially isoflavone, is widely known as regulator for bone mineral contents. In this study, the effects of the P. lobata extract (PE) with or without fermentation with Lactobacillus paracasei JS1 (FPE) on osteoporosis were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The effects of PE and FPE on human osteoblastic MG63 cells, RAW 264.7 cells, and ovariectomized (OVX)-induced model mice were analyzed at various ratios. We found that FPE increased calcium deposition and inhibited bone resorption by in vitro assay. Furthermore, treatment with PE and FPE has significantly restored destroyed trabecular bone in the OVX-induced bone loss mouse model. Overall, FPE demonstrated bioactivity to prevent bone loss by decreasing bone turnover.
Highlights
Isoflavones found in soybeans are nonsteroidal, phytoestrogenic, and anti-oxidative compounds with potential roles in the prevention of chronic diseases, including hormonedependent diseases, cardiovascular diseases, breast and prostate cancer, osteoporosis, and postmenopausal symptoms [1]
bone volume fraction (BV)/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and bone mineral density (BMD) were lower, whereas trabecular separation, BS/BV, Tb.Th, Tb.Pf, and structure model index (SMI) were higher than the sham group (Figure 8B). In both the P. lobata extract (PE), fermentation with Lactobacillus paracasei JS1 (FPE), and E2 treatment groups, BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and BMD were increased in sham-operated mice compared to those of the OVX group, while BS/BV, Tb.Sp, Tb.Pf, and SMI were decreased compared to those of the OVX group. These results suggest that FPE was effective in preserving bone mass as well as in restoring the deterioration of bone microarchitecture associated with OVX mice
The present study suggests that FPE has anti-osteoporosis efficacy both in vitro and in vivo
Summary
Isoflavones found in soybeans are nonsteroidal, phytoestrogenic, and anti-oxidative compounds with potential roles in the prevention of chronic diseases, including hormonedependent diseases, cardiovascular diseases, breast and prostate cancer, osteoporosis, and postmenopausal symptoms [1]. Osteoporosis can be classified as primary or secondary depending on its cause. Primary osteoporosis induced by menopause causes a rapid decrease in estrogen levels; leads to the activation of osteoclasts, the cells involved in bone resorption; and imparts the inactivation of osteoblasts, the cells involved in bone formation [5]. Secondary osteoporosis is usually caused by other medical conditions or treatments that interfere with the attainment of peak bone mass and may cause bone loss. These medical conditions include genetic diseases, serious kidney failure, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, endocrine disorders, nutritional imbalance, inflammatory disease, and drug abuse [7,8,9]
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