Anti-Obesity Effects of Petasites japonicus (Meowi) Ethanol Extract on RAW 264.7 Macrophages and 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Its Characterization of Polyphenolic Compounds.

Eun Mi Ahn,Gelila Asamenew,Heon Woong Kim,Youn-Soo Cha,Min-Sook Kang,Soo-Muk Cho,Sang Hoon Lee,Seon-Mi Yoo

doi:10.3390/nu12051261

Abstract

Koreans have been consuming Petasites Japonicus (PJ) as food. Although the therapeutic effect of PJ on allergic or inflammatory reactions associated with asthma has been proven, its effect on obesity is unclear. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the obesity related anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic effects of ethanol extract PJ (EPJ) on the inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages and on differentiation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, the polyphenolic compound was quantitatively characterized from the EPJ using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector, quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-QToF-MS). In RAW 264.7 or 3T3-L1, reduction of nitric oxide (in macrophages) production as well as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α were observed. Treatment of EPJ in adipocyte differentiation showed an improvement in adiponectin and lipid accumulation and a significant reduction of PPARγ and FABP-4 mRNA expression levels. On the other hand, mRNA expression of UCP-1, PPARα, and ACO increased in the EPJ treated group. In addition, a total of 26 polyphenolic compounds were detected and of which 12 are reported for the first time from PJ. The higher content of diverse polyphenolic compounds presented in EPJ might be responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic effect. These results suggest that PJ is valuable in improving obesity-related inflammatory responses.

Highlights

Obesity is a state of low-grade, chronic inflammation and a major cause of insulin resistance that gives rise to type 2 diabetes [1,2]
It has been demonstrated that monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) are important pro-inflammatory biomarkers involved in the development of obesity induced meta-inflammation [6]
The study evaluated its anti-adipogenic effect of extract PJ (EPJ) by measuring the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation related mRNA expression level

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is a state of low-grade, chronic inflammation and a major cause of insulin resistance that gives rise to type 2 diabetes [1,2]. Inflammation arising from obesity increases nitric oxide (NO) causing metabolic disorders due to the increase in cytokines and reducing protective factors such as adiponectin [5]. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1261 produced in adipose tissue [6] and was found to be decreased in obesity [7,8,9]. This downregulation has not been fully explained. It has been demonstrated that monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) are important pro-inflammatory biomarkers involved in the development of obesity induced meta-inflammation [6]

Methods

Results

Conclusion