Abstract
Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is a type of neurological syndrome that can be paraneoplastic or non-paraneoplastic in nature. It is a recently discovered that is becoming much more recognized in children. The symptoms of anti-NMDAR encephalitis occur as a result of autoimmune antibody binding to the NMDA receptor on certain neuronal cell surfaces. Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis are described as having a change in mental status manifested by abrupt changes from calm behaviors to agitation, aggression or extreme irritability. In children, the first symptom to be recognized is often non-psychiatric: convulsion, status epilepticus, dystonia, verbal reduction or mutism .The diagnosis is clinical and confirmation is easy with demonstration of antibodies in serum and CSF; Early diagnosis and aggressive immunotherapy are imperative. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis can be reversible if diagnosed and treated early.
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