Abstract
BackgroundThe anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily, which is responsible of the regression of the mullerian duct. AMH is expressed in the normal endometrium, where, acting in a paracrine fashion, negatively regulates cellular viability. Our objective was to evaluate the in vitro effects of the treatment with AMH of endometriosic cells.MethodsAMH expression in human endometriosis glands was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR has been used to quantify the expression levels of AMH and AMH RII isoforms, as well as of cytochrome P450 in both endometriosis epithelial and stromal cells Effects of AMH and AMH-cleaved treatment in endometriosis cells were evaluated by flow-cytometry analysis. Finally, it has been evaluated the effect of plasmin-digested AMH on cytochrome P450 activity.ResultsAMH and AMH RII isoforms, as well as cytochrome P450, were expressed in both endometriosis epithelial and stromal cells. Treatment of endometriosis stromal and epithelial cell growth with AMH was able to induce a decrease in the percentage of cells in S phase and increase percentage of cells in G1 and G2 phase; coherently, decreased cell viability and increased percentage of cells death fraction was observed. The plasmin-digested AMH was able to suppress most of the cytochrome P450 activity, causing an increase of pre-G1 phase and of apoptosis induction treating with plasmin-digested AMH in both cell lines, most marked in the epithelial cells.ConclusionsThe data produced suggest a possible use of AMH as therapeutic agents in endometriosis.
Highlights
The anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily, which is responsible of the regression of the mullerian duct
Coli derived on endometriosis stromal and epithelial cell growth, cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction
We have treated cultured human endometriosis stromal and epithelial cells with Recombinant Human MullerianInhibiting Substance (rhMIS) at different concentrations (10-100-1000 ng/mL) and analyzed the effects induced after 24-48-72 hours of treatment
Summary
The anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily, which is responsible of the regression of the mullerian duct. AMH is expressed in the normal endometrium, where, acting in a paracrine fashion, negatively regulates cellular viability. Our objective was to evaluate the in vitro effects of the treatment with AMH of endometriosic cells. Endometriosis is usually associated with infertility and pelvic pain such as chronic dysmenorrhea, intermestrual abdominal and pelvic pain, back pain, dysuria, dyschezia and dyspareunia [3]. It is often associated with a decrease of ovarian reserve and reduction of ovarian volume [4]. Despite the fact that this disease is quite common among women, it is
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