Abstract
BackgroundA variety of indicators of potentially successful ovarian stimulation cycles are available, including biomarkers such as anti-Mullerian hormone. The aim of our study was to confirm the usefulness of serum anti-Mullerian hormone assay in predicting ovarian response and reproductive outcome in women eligible for ART cycles.MaterialsForty-six women undergoing ART cycles at the Centre for Reproductive Medicine in Parma were recruited from March-to-June 2010. Inclusion criteria: age<42 years; body-mass-index = 20–25; regular menstrual cycles; basal serum FSH concentration <12 IU/L and basal serum estradiol concentration <70 pg/mL. The couples included in our study reported a variety of primary infertility causes. All women underwent FSH stimulation and pituitary suppression (GnRH-agonist/GnRH-antagonist protocols). Women were considered poor-responders if thay had ≤3 oocytes; normal-responders 4–9 oocytes and high-responders ≥10 oocytes. Serum samples for the AMH assays were obtained on the first and last days of stimulation. A P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultFSH levels increased significantly when AMH levels decreased. The total dose of r-FSH administered to induce ovulation was not correlated to AMH. The number of follicles on the hCG, serum estradiol levels on the hCG-day, and the number of retrieved oocytes were significantly correlated to AMH. The number of fertilized oocytes was significantly correlated to the AMH levels. No significant correlation was found between obtained embryos or transferred embryos and AMH. Basal serum AMH levels were significantly higher than those measured on the hCG-day, which appeared significantly reduced. There was a significant correlation between AMH in normal responders and AMH in both high and poor responders.ConclusionsOur data confirm the clinical usefulness of AMH in ART-cycles to customize treatment protocols and suggest the necessity of verifying an eventual permanent decrease in AMH levels after IVF.
Highlights
Appropriate clinical evaluation and proper treatment of women are essential for a positiveoutcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles
Our data confirm the clinical usefulness of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in ART-cycles to customize treatment protocols and suggest the necessity of verifying an eventual permanent decrease in AMH levels after in vitro fertilization (IVF)
Age and day-3 levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) have been used as indicators of ovarian response toART.the basal FSH concentration is the most common test used for ovarian screening [3], it has been reported that the increase in FSH levels occurs late in the sequence of events associated with ovarian aging [4]
Summary
Appropriate clinical evaluation and proper treatment of women are essential for a positiveoutcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles. Several investigators reported the effectiveness of antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian volume in predicting ovarian response to hormonal stimulation [6,7]. They stated that AFC provides better prognostic information on the occurrence of poor ovarian response during hormone stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF) than does the woman’s chronological age or basal FSH. A variety of indicators of potentially successful ovarian stimulation cycles are available, including biomarkers such as anti-Mullerian hormone. The aim of our study was to confirm the usefulness of serum anti-Mullerian hormone assay in predicting ovarian response and reproductive outcome in women eligible for ART cycles.
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