Abstract
ABSTRACTThe present study investigated the anti-microbial and anti-mycotoxigenic activities of the ethyl acetate extract (EA) and a bioactive compound obtained from an endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata isolated from Catharanthus roseus leaves. A. alternata was identified using PCR-based 5.8S rDNA sequencing. The EA and bioactive compound, p-Coumaric acid (PC), showed concentration-dependent broad-spectrum anti-microbial activity against the tested bacteria, yeast, and fungi with MICs ranging from 7.8 to 250 µg/mL. The in vitro production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from Aspergillus flavus and fumonisin B1 (FB1) from Fusarium verticillioides was completely inhibited by EA and PC at 400 µg/mL. The synthesis of the membrane-bound ergosterol from A. flavus and F. verticillioides was strongly inhibited by PC at 200 µg/mL. The EA and PC were found to show significant anti-microbial and anti-mycotoxigenic activities, hence, they could be explored as protective agents for preventing microbial deterioration and mycotoxins accumulation in food and feedstuffs during pre- and post-harvest and storage.
Highlights
The xerophilic filamentous fungi belong to the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium
The present study investigated the anti-microbial and anti-mycotoxigenic activities of the ethyl acetate extract (EA) and a bioactive compound obtained from an endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata isolated from Catharanthus roseus leaves
The in vitro production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from Aspergillus flavus and fumonisin B1 (FB1) from Fusarium verticillioides was completely inhibited by EA and p-Coumaric acid (PC) at 400 μg/mL
Summary
The xerophilic filamentous fungi belong to the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium. Many antibiotics and pesticides of synthetic origin are being widely used to manage problems associated with MDR microbes, moulds and mycotoxins, but their continuous and indiscriminate use has intensified the development of MDR micro-organisms and resulted in many ecological problems (Calbo et al 2011). In this scenario, there is an urgent need to search alternative strategies that are eco-friendly and effective
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