Anti-Inflammatory effect of the Saffron Stigma and Saffron Petal Extract on LPS stimulated human Caco-2 cell by transductional signal modulation of FBW7/IKBα

Abstract

Although the progression of IBD therapy is controlled with chemical drugs and biological therapies, healing results cannot yet be achieved, along with the inevitable side effects. As a result, a variety of research have focused on exploring novel therapies and found that natural products can serve as promising therapeutic agents for IBD through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. Recently, the chemical constituents of the main saffron processing bio-product, the petals of C. sativus, have attracted the attention of researchers. We compare the anti-inflammatory effect of the Saffron Stigma Extract (SSE), Saffon Petal Extract (SPE) and Petals/Stigma Extract (SPE/SSE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human Caco-2 cell monolayers by analyzing FBW7/ signaling IkBα, upstream of the activation of inducible molecules such as iNOS and COX-2. The results of this study provide further support for the possible use of SPE in medicine, raising awareness of the potential of the waste product generated in the production of the saffron spice. Compared to the SPE/SSE is not able to attenuate the pro-inflammatory response, and further investigations should be undertaken to understand what kind of negative interaction is triggered between the two components of the spice.