Abstract
A new cycloartane-type triterpene glycoside, agroastragaloside V (1) was isolated from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus. The structure was identified as 3-O-β-(2'-O-acetyl)-d-xylopyranosyl-6-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(24S)-3β,6α,24α,25-tetrahydroxy-9,19-cyclolanostane, by means of spectroscopic methods, including HR-FAB/MS, 1D NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT), 2D NMR (gCOSY, gHSQC, gHMBC, NOESY), and IR spectroscopy. Four known cycloartane glycosides, namely, agroastragaloside I (2), agroastragaloside II (3), isoastragaloside II (4) and astragaloside IV (5) were also isolated. All isolated compounds were tested for the ability to inhibit LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages.
Highlights
Astragalus species are among the most widely distributed in northern temperate regions and tropical African mountains [1]
A. membranaceus qualitatively, we report on the isolation of a new minor saponin, agroastragaloside V (1), obtained from the roots of A. membranaceus cultivated in Korea, together with four known compounds 2 5, and the structural determination of these substances using extensive spectroscopic methods
Several previous studies have provided immune stimulant effects of several cycloartane-type triterpene glycosides and the extracts on macrophage activation and expression of inflammatory cytokines were investigated from Astragalus species [9,12]
Summary
Astragalus species are among the most widely distributed in northern temperate regions and tropical African mountains [1]. Molecules 2013, 18 the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (FISCH.) BGE., known as Huangqi in China and Korea, is one of the most widely used medicinal herbs prescribed in many Chinese formulas to reinforce “Qi”. Astragalus species are rich in cycloartane-type triterpene glycosides that possess diverse biological activities. Astragaloside IV, a cycloartane triterpene glycoside extracted from Radix Astragali, has a broad range of pharmacological properties, including antiapoptotic [11], anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive [12] effects. Several previous studies have provided immune stimulant effects of several cycloartane-type triterpene glycosides and the extracts on macrophage activation and expression of inflammatory cytokines were investigated from Astragalus species [9,12]. Isolated compounds 1–5 were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activities through the measurement of nitrite, a soluble oxidation product of nitric oxide (NO), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 254.7 macrophage cells
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