Anti-Inflammatory And Therapeutic Activities of Omega-3-Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Oil Extract on Acute Inflammation in Animal Models.

Abstract

Background: When prescribing painkillers for acute, chronic, and degenerative pain disorders, one must take into account safety issues for continuous long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs due to the side effects. As a result, the therapeutic safety of anti-inflammatory supplements utilizing natural forms, such as omega -3 fatty acids (n-3 fatty acids), is more important than its effectiveness. Method: The nutritional intervention of n-3 fish oil extract (owing to its eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA contents) in experimental animal for acute inflammatory models was investigated in this work using standard methods (Carageenan, Arachidonic acid, and PGE2). Result: Results obtained demonstrated a notable reduction in inflammation caused by fish oil due to its EPA and DHA content. For groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the percentage inhibition of the carrageenan-induced paw edema inflammation after 24 hours was 78.57%, 57.14%, 50.00%, 100.00% and 92.85%, respectively. Arachidonic acid-induced ear edema was inhibited by 30, 24, 27, 37, and 40%, whilst the PGE-2 test was inhibited by 44.16, 52.48, 61.34, 74, and 80.05%. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA), the active components in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have the ability to disrupt the prostaglandin metabolic pathway by competing with arachidonic acids for the COX active site and thereby inhibiting their synthesis. The novelty of the work is demonstrated in the use of diet instead SAIDs to resolve inflammation.