Abstract
Bees are of great importance for plant diversity for being an important pollinating agents. Stingless bees such as Scaptotrigona affinis postica, is cultivated largely due to the products offered by it. Pollen is one of these products, which has been highlighted for exhibit various therapeutic properties. Considering the bioactivity of this natural product, this study investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive activities, and elucidated the chemical composition of pollen collected extract by Scaptotrigona affinis postica. Using in vitro assays, the antioxidant potential and inhibitory activity against the COX enzyme from pollen extract was evaluated. Additionally, tests were performed to measure the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in animal models. In our results, we found that pollen extract showed antioxidant effects and inhibitory activity against the COX enzyme. The in vivo assays showed that the extract acts on the nervous system in local and systemic levels and that the anti-inflammatory activity is due the prostanoids reducing. Chemical analyses recognize 10 molecules in the extract belonging to the polyphenol and flavonoids classes and the computational study suggests that is responsible for the observed results. Thus, it is reported for the first time the biological potential of S. aff. postica pollen extract and we conclude that this bee product can be considered as one source of potential new drugs.
Highlights
Bees represent a species with wide biodiversity in the world and have an important ecological role, as they are fundamental in maintaining plant diversity, maintaining an intrinsic relationship with these, being responsible for the pollination of several plant species [1]
Content of polyphenols and flavonoids in S. aff. postica propolis was reported as 11.95% and Theaverage flavonoid content in another S. aff. postica propolis has been reported ranging from 0.37% to
Lopes et ranging from 0.37% to 0.65% [33]. They are different samples, the results are similar to the al. [7] evaluated Melipona fasciculata Smith pollen extracts from different locations in Maranhão state present one
Summary
Bees represent a species with wide biodiversity in the world and have an important ecological role, as they are fundamental in maintaining plant diversity, maintaining an intrinsic relationship with these, being responsible for the pollination of several plant species [1]. Bee products have been widely used for generations in human health due to their recognized therapeutic and nutritional properties [2]. Bee pollen is a complex blend of flower pollen, nectar, and enzymes and other bee Antioxidants 2020, 9, 103; doi:10.3390/antiox9020103 www.mdpi.com/journal/antioxidants. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 103 properties [2]. The significant amount of compounds such as phytosterols, carbohydrates, enzymes, phenolic flavonoids, nucleic acids, triterpenes, and carbohydrates, other biologically active secretionscompounds,. The significant amount of compounds such asvitamins, phytosterols, enzymes, substances present inflavonoids, bee pollennucleic provides several activities, including anti-inflammatory and phenolic compounds, acids, triterpenes, vitamins, and other biologically active antioxidant activity, demonstrating considerable biological potential which justifies their use for substances present in bee pollen provides several activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant the research new pharmacological resources [4]. The significant amount of compounds such asvitamins, phytosterols, enzymes, substances present inflavonoids, bee pollennucleic provides several activities, including anti-inflammatory and phenolic compounds, acids, triterpenes, vitamins, and other biologically active antioxidant activity, demonstrating considerable biological potential which justifies their use for substances present in bee pollen provides several activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant the research new pharmacological resources [4]. potential which justifies their use for the research activity, thusof demonstrating considerable biological
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