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Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and the antiinflammatory/antinociceptive properties of the hydroalcoholic extract derived from the leaves of Phyllanthus brasiliensis (HEPB) in rodents. A new arylnaphthalene lignan glycoside, 5-O-β-d-glucopyranosyljusticidin B, together with six known lignans, were isolated from HEPB. 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HRMS were used to elucidate the structure of the new compound. HEPB toxicity and antinociceptive activity were evaluated through acute oral toxicity and formalin models in mice, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effects of HEPB were assessed using carrageenan- and dextran-induced paw edema models in rats. HEPB showed low toxicity. Oral administration of HEPB reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan, but not by dextran. HEPB and its fractions from FR6 to FR10 (FR6-10) inhibited the neurogenic and inflammatory phases of formalin-induced linking, demonstrating its antinociceptive activity. These results indicated that lignans from Phyllanthus brasiliensis exerted antinociceptive/anti-inflammatory effects not related to the histaminergic pathway.
Highlights
Previous phytochemical studies of P. brasiliensis revealed the presence of triterpenes, cyanogenic compounds, the lignan justicidin B, and the glycoside phyllanthoside [5,6]
Due to the importance and activities cited for some plants belonging to the genus Phyllanthus, as well as the traditional use of leaves from P. brasiliensis in Guyana, the present study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of P. brasiliensis, seeking to validate the use of this plant as a pain relief agent, and contribute to the chemical knowledge of this plant through the isolation and characterization of its compounds
That the hydroalcoholic extract and a fraction from the leaves of P. brasiliensis exerted antiedematogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects in rodents
Summary
The genus Phyllanthus is the largest within the Phyllanthaceae family and one of the most diversified among angiosperm genera, with about 1269 species distributed around the world [1].In Brazil, the genus Phyllanthus is known as ‘quebra-pedra’, ‘erva pombinha’ and ‘arrebenta-pedra’.In previous ethnopharmacological reports, leaves, stems, and roots of the genus have been used for the treatment of many diseases, such as urinary and intestinal infections, diabetes and hepatitis B [2].Molecules 2018, 23, 941; doi:10.3390/molecules23040941 www.mdpi.com/journal/moleculesSome species within the genus Phyllanthus have been the subject of scientific studies and are recognized for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [3,4].According to phytochemical studies, the genus Phyllanthus presents several organic compounds, such as tannins, lignans, alkaloids, triterpens, flavonoids, lactones and steroids [2]. The genus Phyllanthus is the largest within the Phyllanthaceae family and one of the most diversified among angiosperm genera, with about 1269 species distributed around the world [1]. In Brazil, the genus Phyllanthus is known as ‘quebra-pedra’, ‘erva pombinha’ and ‘arrebenta-pedra’. Some species within the genus Phyllanthus have been the subject of scientific studies and are recognized for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [3,4]. The genus Phyllanthus presents several organic compounds, such as tannins, lignans, alkaloids, triterpens, flavonoids, lactones and steroids [2]. Previous phytochemical studies of P. brasiliensis revealed the presence of triterpenes, cyanogenic compounds, the lignan justicidin B, and the glycoside phyllanthoside [5,6]
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