Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of extracts and compounds isolated from Solenostemmaarghel (Del.) Hayne

Abstract

AIM: Validation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Solenostemmaarghel (Del.) Hayne, which isused in folk medicine. Settings and Design: Total alcohol extract, successive extracts (ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol) and isolated compounds of S. arghel were evaluated at different doses for their anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti-pyretic and anti-oxidant activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Carrageenin-induced rat paw oedema, yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats, writhing test and hot plate test techniques in mice and in vitro Di-phenyl picryl hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity test were used. Identification of the isolated compounds were established by m.p., UV, 600 MHz 1H and 13C NMR. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Analysis of variances was carried out in two ways using ANOVA test followed by Tukey HSD test using SPSS, version 14. RESULTS: Total alcohol extract (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg), successive extracts (250 mg/kg) and isolated compounds (100 mg/kg) showed different potentials of the reported pharmacological activities, where the ethyl acetate successive extract showed the highest activity. Two flavonoides were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract and identified as C1 (kaempferol-3, 4'-diglucoside) and C2 (kaempferol 3-rutinoside). Total alcohol extract (1000 mg/kg) administrated daily to rats for 14 consecutive days did not show any alterations on liver and kidney functions and on the oxidative balance. CONCLUSIONS: Results revealed that C1 and C2possessed potent anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities and they seem to be the active constituents of the investigated extract. The reported anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and the anti-oxidant potential of C1 and C2 could be due to their flavonoid structure.