Abstract
BackgroundMany people still experience pain and inflammation regardless of the available drugs for treatments. In addition, the available drugs have many side effects, which necessitated a quest for new drugs from several sources in which medicinal plants are the major one. This study evaluated the analgesic and anti- inflammatory activity of the solvent fractions of Moringa stenopetala in rodent models of pain and inflammation.MethodsSuccessive soxhlet and maceration were used as methods of extractions using solvents of increasing polarity; chloroform, methanol and water. Swiss albino mice models were used in radiant tail flick latency, acetic acid induced writhing and carrageenan induced paw edema to assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The test groups received different doses (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) of the three fractions (chloroform, methanol and aqueous). The positive control groups received morphine (20 mg/kg) or aspirin (100 mg/kg or 150 mg/kg) based on the respective models. The negative control groups received the 10 ml/kg of vehicles (distilled water or 2% Tween 80).ResultsIn all models, the chloroform fraction had protections only at a dose of 400 mg/kg. However, the methanol and aqueous fraction at all doses have shown significant central and peripheral analgesic activities with a comparable result to the standards. The aqueous and methanol fractions significantly reduced carrageenan induced inflammation in a dose dependent manner, in which the highest reduction of inflammation was observed in aqueous fraction at 400 mg/kg.ConclusionThis study provided evidence on the traditionally claimed uses of the plant in pain and inflammatory diseases, and Moringa stenopetala could be potential source for development of new analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Highlights
Many people still experience pain and inflammation regardless of the available drugs for treatments
The solvent fractions from leaves of M. stenopetala revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites based on preliminary phytochemical screening test
Values are expressed as Mean ± S.E.M (n = 6); aagainst control, eagainst AF400, 1P < 0.05, 3P < 0.001; DW distilled water, ASA aspirin, Aqueous fraction (AF) refers to aqueous fraction of Moringa stenopetala; Numbers refer to dose in mg/kg
Summary
Many people still experience pain and inflammation regardless of the available drugs for treatments. There may be a strong emotional component contributing to the pain experience, but that does not mean that the suffering is less important [2]. It is the most common reason a patient sees a physician. It is of short duration and quickly forgotten [3] When chronic, it markedly decreases individuals’ health status and quality of life and can detrimentally affect the families of patients. It markedly decreases individuals’ health status and quality of life and can detrimentally affect the families of patients It often interferes with every day work activities [4].Unrelieved acute pain can cause chronic pain, and long standing pain can cause anatomical and even genetic changes in the nervous system [2]
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