Abstract
Problem statement: Anti-inflammatory agents, particularly steroids and cyclooxygenase inhibitors are often associated with adverse side effects including, GI irritation, ulcers, hypertension and cardiac abnormalities. A safe and effective intervention is essential for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Approach: Abstract Vitex leucoxylon L., a medicinal plant of the verbenaceae family, used in traditional medicine for relieving headache and catarrh. VL-89/185A, was obtained by bio activity-guided fractionation using 5-Lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. VL-89/185A was further tested against Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritis in Sprague Dawley (SD) rat. Results: Oral supplementation of VL-89/185A resulted in significant anti-inflammatory effects as indicated by reduction in paw edema both at 100 and 250 mg kg-1 doses when compared to untreated control rats. Furthermore, treatment with VL-89/185A significantly reduced circulating proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. The safety of VL-89/185A was established (LD50 >5000 mg kg-1 body) by acute oral toxicity limit test according to OECD guidelines 425. Conclusion: The safety and efficacy profiles indicated that VL-89/185A is a safe intervention for inflammatory disorders.
Highlights
Vitex leucoxylon L., commonly known as lokki, is a medicinal plant of the Verbenaceae family
The roots and bark are astringent and the roots are reported to be used as a febrifuge. βSitosterol, dimethyl terphthalate, vitexin, isovitexin, agnuside and aucubin were isolated from the leaves or barks of V. leucoxylon[4]
The reaction was known as acute phase response. It is known as initiated by the addition of enzyme buffer mix to Endogenous Pyrogen (EP), mononuclear cell factor and linoleic acid and the enzyme activity was monitored as lymphocyte activating factor
Summary
Vitex leucoxylon L., commonly known as lokki, is a medicinal plant of the Verbenaceae family. Interleukin-1, another important inhibitory activity of V. leucoxylon extracts was measured using the method of Reddanna et al.[15] modified by Ulusu et al.[16] The assay mixture cytokine produced mainly by blood monocytes, contained 80 μM linoleic acid and 10 μl potato 5-LOX mediates the panoply of host reactions collectively in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.3). The reaction was known as acute phase response It is known as initiated by the addition of enzyme buffer mix to Endogenous Pyrogen (EP), mononuclear cell factor and linoleic acid and the enzyme activity was monitored as lymphocyte activating factor. We sought to study the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of V. leucoxylon bark extracts and its anti-arthritis potential against FCA induced arthritis.
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