Abstract
Inflammatory diseases affect a large portion of the worldwide population, and chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for several dangerous pathologies. To limit the side effects of both synthetic and biological anti-inflammatory drugs, the use of herbal medicines, nutraceuticals and food supplements has increased tremendously as alternative and/or complementary medicine to treat several pathologies, including inflammation. During the last decades, the biological properties of Citrus bergamia (bergamot) derivatives have obtained important scientific achievements, and it has been suggested their use in a context of a multitarget pharmacological strategy. Here, we present an overview of the anti-inflammatory properties of bergamot extracts that could represent the scientific basis for develop novel and alternative strategies to improve health status and attenuate inflammatory conditions.
Highlights
Inflammation is a complex biological reaction induced by the disruption of the tissue homeostasis, occurring in response to the presence of a biological, chemical, or physical agent in the body [1].The classical key features of inflammation are redness, warmth, swelling, and pain
At the onset of inflammation, the infection or tissue damage is sensed by the pattern recognition receptors like toll-like receptors (TLR), NOD-like receptors (NLR), and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)
Known as “bergamot”, Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau is a small plant belonging to the Rutaceae family, growing spontaneously in the southern coast of Calabria region (Italy), where the particular microclimate is ideal for its cultivation [30]
Summary
Inflammation is a complex biological reaction induced by the disruption of the tissue homeostasis, occurring in response to the presence of a biological, chemical, or physical agent in the body [1]. Several classes of medicines, including corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and biologics drugs are used to treat the inflammatory disorders They possess several side effects and the biologics ones are expensive to be used. Plants have been the basis of many traditional medicines throughout the world for thousands of years, and continue to provide mankind with new remedies [4] In this field, natural products offer great hope in the identification of bioactive molecules useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, as it happened for aspirin, the first discovered NSAID, which is still one of the bestselling drugs in the world. We present an overview of the anti-inflammatory properties of bergamot extracts that could be the scientific basis for the development of novel and alternative strategies aimed to prevent and/or treat inflammatory conditions
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