Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the course of eye diseases, including many vascular retinopathies. Although olive oil is known to have beneficial effects against inflammatory processes, there is no information available on the anti-inflammatory potential of the wild olive tree (namely, acebuche (ACE) for the primitive Spanish lineages). Here we investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of ACE oil in the retina of a mouse model of arterial hypertension, which was experimentally induced by administration of L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester). The animals were fed supplements of ACE oil or extra virgin olive oil (EVOO, for comparative purposes). Retinal function was assessed by electroretinography (ERG), and different inflammation-related parameters were measured in the retina and choroid. Besides significant prevention of retinal dysfunction shown in ERG recordings, ACE oil-enriched diet upregulated the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers PPARγ, PPARα and IL-10, while reducing that of major proinflammatory biomarkers, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2. This is the first report to highlight the anti-inflammatory properties of an ACE oil-enriched diet against hypertension-related retinal damage. Noteworthy, dietary supplementation with ACE oil yielded better results compared to a reference EVOO.
Highlights
Numerous authors have recognized the pivotal role of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO)(Olea europaea L.) in the context of the well-known Mediterranean diet, and the potential benefits of its multiple bioactive compounds [1,2]
We have recently demonstrated a retinoprotective action of EVOO- and ACE oil-enriched diets, showing better results in the latter case, in a context of arterial hypertension (AH)
The purpose of the current study was to test the ability of an ACE oil-enriched diet to counteract retinal inflammation, based on a plausible anti-inflammatory effect, in a rodent model of AH triggered by chronic administration of L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine-methylester)
Summary
(Olea europaea L.) in the context of the well-known Mediterranean diet, and the potential benefits of its multiple bioactive compounds [1,2]. In this sense, EVOO has been identified as a key to reducing the risk of various diseases [3,4,5]. The beneficial health outcomes derived from the regular consumption of olive oil rely on its nutritional components to which antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumoral properties are ascribed. Some authors have claimed the need to discover additional minor bioactive components of EVOO that might help understand its beneficial properties
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