Abstract
Water extracts of Psidium guajava leaves prepared by three different extraction methods were compared with respect to their anti-infective activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in the nematode host Caenorhabditis elegans. The water extract prepared by Microwave Assisted Extraction method was found to have better anti-infective activity, and its activity was further compared with hydroalcoholic extract prepared using the same extraction method against five different pathogenic bacteria. Both these extracts could attenuate virulence of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Serratia marcescens, and Chromobacterium violaceum, towards C. elegans. Anti-infective efficacy of P. guajava leaf extract seems partly to stem from its quorum-modulatory property, as it could modulate production of quorum sensing-regulated pigments in all the susceptible bacteria.
Highlights
Given the heavy global burden of infectious diseases, it is imperative to discover novel pharmaceutical assets for combating antimicrobial resistance, with particular focus on antibioticresistant bacterial pathogens recently listed by the World Health Organization as of high/critical priority (Tacconelli et al, 2018)
Test pathogens Pathogenic bacteria used in this study (Dataset 1: Extended data) included Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 737); beta-lactamase producing multidrug resistant strains of Chromobacterium violaceum (MTCC 2656) and Serratia marcescens (MTCC 97); multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and Streptococcus pyogenes (MTCC 1924)
guava leaf extract (GLE) prepared by three different methods were compared, at three different concentrations, for their anti-infective activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (Figure 1; Dataset 1: Underlying data)
Summary
Given the heavy global burden of infectious diseases, it is imperative to discover novel pharmaceutical assets for combating antimicrobial resistance, with particular focus on antibioticresistant bacterial pathogens recently listed by the World Health Organization as of high/critical priority (Tacconelli et al, 2018). A reverse pharmacology approach (Raut et al, 2017) of investigating plant extracts, those employed in documented or folklore traditional medicine, for their potential anti-pathogenic efficacy may pave the way for discovery and development of novel antimicrobial molecules/ formulations. (common nameguava; Family- Myrtaceae) leaf extract, against five different pathogenic bacteria This plant has traditionally been used for treatment of various gastrointestinal problems including diarrhea and dysentery (Birdi et al, 2010), which are caused usually due to microbial infections. Validation of such traditional medicinal practices through modern scientific approach is necessary for their wider acceptance in the community, and for building public confidence in them (Kothari, 2018)
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