Abstract
Moringa oleifera has potential anti-hyperglycaemic effects that have been reported earlier by different scientific groups using animal models of diabetes. We aimed to explore the possible mechanisms of action of M. oleifera extract through different methods. Primarily, we measured fasting blood glucose and performed glucose tolerance test, in Type 2 diabetic rats. Further, we studied the effects of extracts on pancreatic insulin concentration. Extracts’ effect on carbohydrate breakdown was assayed using α-amylase inhibition assays and assay of six different segments of gastrointestinal (GI) tracts. An in situ intestinal perfusion model and a glucose fibre assay were performed to see the potentiality of M. oleifera on glucose absorption. M. oleifera showed no significant change in insulin secretion in vivo. Additionally, substantial effect of the extract was seen on retarded glucose absorption and in the in situ perfusion study of rat intestinal model. α-amylase action was inhibited by the extract, yet again, these findings were further confirmed via the Six Segment assay, where sucrose digestion was found to be inhibited throughout the length of the GI tract. A combined in vitro, in vivo and in situ tests justified the potential of anti-hyperglycaemic activity of M. oleifera and its tissue level mechanism is also justified.
Highlights
For the last few decades, diabetes has held its position as one of the world’s predominant endocrine disorder [1]
M. oleifera showed a significant (P
The present study showed that ethanolic leaves extract of M. oleifera possessed hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic properties in chemically induced Type 2 diabetic rats, which suggest the presence of biologically active components that may be worth further investigation and elucidation
Summary
For the last few decades, diabetes has held its position as one of the world’s predominant endocrine disorder [1]. By nature, it cannot be completely cured but it should be kept under tight control. Unclear mechanism of action and lack of scientific evidence of efficacy of these therapies keeps them far behind from important use. Another drawback of these plants used in various ailments is that they have no established safety profile; it is thought that they are safe besides being economical, effective and their easy availability. In 2001, researchers identified 122 compounds used in mainstream medicine that were derived from ‘ethnomedical’ plant sources; 80% of these compounds were used in the same or related manner as the traditional ethnomedical use [2]
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