Anti-human colon cancer properties of a novel chemotherapeutic supplement formulated by gold nanoparticles containing Allium sativum L. leaf aqueous extract and investigation of its cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities

Abstract

Recently, scientists have tried to increase organic chemistry productions for the treatment of many cancers such as colon cancers. Au nanoparticles have a special role in the treatment of several cancers. Furthermore, one of the therapeutic properties of Allium sativum L. is increasing the physiological potentials of the body against different cancers. In the current research, gold nanoparticles were prepared and synthesized in aqueous medium using Allium sativum L. leaf extract. Also, we investigated the anti-colon cancers potentials of these nanoparticles against colon cancer cell lines. The FT-IR, UV–Vis, FE-SEM, and TEM tests used to determine the physiochemical properties of the recent nanoparticles. The results of FE-SEM and TEM images indicated the average size of 19 nm. DPPH test was carried out to assess the antioxidant capacities of HAuCl4, A. sativum, and AuNPs. DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for A. sativum, AuNPs and butylated hydroxytoluene. For the determining of anti-colon cancer properties of HAuCl4, A. sativum, and AuNPs, MTT assay was used on HUVECs (Normal), HT-29 (Colorectal adenocarcinoma), HCT 116 (Colorectal carcinoma), HCT-8 [HRT-18] (Ileocecal colorectal adenocarcinoma), and Ramos.2G6.4C10 (Burkitt's lymphoma) cell lines. AuNPs had very low cell viability and anti-colon cancer effects dose-dependently against HT-29, HCT 116, HCT-8 [HRT-18], and Ramos.2G6.4C10 cell lines. The best result of anti-colon cancer activities of AuNPs against above cell lines was observed in the case of the HCT 116 cell line. In conclusion, the synthesized AuNPs revealed remarkable anti-colon cancer properties against colon cell lines. It seems the above nanocomposite can be used as a novel chemotherapeutic material in the future.