Abstract
In the present work, it was shown that, in non-toxic concentrations, all EPSs which were isolated from lactic acid bacteria have significant anti-HSV-1 activity affecting various stages of the virus reproduction. It was demonstrated that the use of ESPs leads to the normalization of the life cycle of cells infected with the herpes simplex virus to the level of uninfected cells. It was found that EPS 26a produced by Lactobacillus sp. possesses multiple antiviral effects as it exhibits virucidal activity, blocks adsorption, penetration of the virus into cells and the release of viruses, and reduces the infectious titer of herpes simplex virus by 97-99%, indicating its considerable anti-herpetic activity.
Highlights
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is enveloped dsDNA viruses belonging to the Herpesviridae family [1]
More and more attention has been paid to the study of the biological activity of the exopolysaccharides (EPSs)
Our studies have shown that HSV-1 leads to the transition of cells from G1-phase to S-phase
Summary
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is enveloped dsDNA viruses belonging to the Herpesviridae family [1]. HSV infection usually causes mucocutaneous lesions that occur in oral/perioral areas, as well as on other body sites. HSV causes lifelong infection and can be reactivated by various stimuli including sunlight, fever, immunosuppression, or stress [2]. The disease is usually self-limited and can be treated with antivirals, severe complications can occur, in neonates and immunosuppressed individuals, leading to a risk of blindness with keratoconjunctivitis, and the potentially fatal meningitis and encephalitis [3, 4]. No vaccine is available against HSV and there are currently no drugs that can eradicate latent HSV-infection. Primary and recurrent infections can be controlled by nucleoside analogs such as acyclovir, penciclovir, and their prodrugs, the development of drug-resistant virus is becoming a serious problem, especially in immunocompromised patients [5].
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