Anti-Helicobacter pylori and urease inhibition activities of some traditional medicinal plants.

Muhammad Amin,Nazamid Saari,Tahir Mehmood,Farooq Anwar,Fauqia Naz

doi:10.3390/molecules18022135

Muhammad Amin, Nazamid Saari + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18022135

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Abstract

Different parts of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile, Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton, Adhatoda vasica Nees, Fagoniaar abica L. and Casuarina equisetifolia L. are traditionally used in folk medicine for the treatment of a variety of common ailments like nausea, cold, cough, asthma, fevers, diarrhea, sore throat, swelling, etc. The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-Helicobacter pylori and urease inhibition activities of extracts produced from the above selected medicinal plants native to Soon Valley (home to an old civilization) in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Methanol, acetone and water extracts of the plants were evaluated for anti-bacterial activity against thirty four clinical isolates and two reference strains of H. pylori. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts were determined using the agar dilution method and compared with some standard antibiotics like amoxicillin (AMX), clarithromycin (CLA), tetracycline (TET) and metronidazole (MNZ), used in the triple therapy for H. pylori eradication. H. pylori urease inhibition activity of the extracts was assessed by the phenol red method, wherein, Lineweaver-Burk plots were used to determine Michaelis-Menten constants for elucidating the mechanism of inhibition. Methanol and acetone extracts from Acacia nilotica and Calotropis procera exhibited stronger anti-H. pylori activity than MNZ, almost comparable activity with TET, but were found to be less potent than AMX and CLT. The rest of the extracts exhibited lower activity than the standard antibiotics used in this study. In the H. pylori urease inhibitory assay, methanol and acetone extracts of Acacia nilotica and Calotropis procera showed significant inhibition. Lineweaver-Burk plots indicated a competitive mechanism for extract of Acacia nilotica, whereas extract of Calotropis procera exhibited a mixed type of inhibition.

Highlights

It is widely recognized that gastric and duodenal ulcers are generally caused by H. pylori, which survives and grows in acidic environments [1,2]
This organism releases urease that converts urea into ammonia and the released ammonia protects it from the acidic environment of the stomach
The plant extracts exhibiting excellent anti-H. pylori activity were further screened for their urease inhibitory activity

Summary

Introduction

It is widely recognized that gastric and duodenal ulcers are generally caused by H. pylori, which survives and grows in acidic environments [1,2] This organism releases urease that converts urea into ammonia and the released ammonia protects it from the acidic environment of the stomach. Triple therapy, comprising a proton pump inhibitor and any of the two antibiotics such as amoxicillin (AMX), clarithromycin (CLA), metronidazole (MNZ) and tetracycline (TET), is frequently employed to cure H. pylori infections [2]. Clinical trials in this aspect have demonstrated an eradication rate of about 80–90% by the use of a relevant triple therapy including

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Conclusion