Anti-diabetics and glycemic control among type 2 Diabetic patients in out-patients clinics

Abstract

The present study evaluates the anti-diabetics and glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients attending the out-patients clinics Aden. It is a cross-sectional study carried out in Aden Diabetic Center at Al-Gamhouria General Modern Hospital, Aden. Thirty two type-2-patients attended the center during the period from 15 January to 15 February 2018, using anti-diabetic drugs for more than one year, were included. Data were collected through direct interviews using a structured questionnaire, including patients characteristics as well as medical and medications characteristics. Blood samples were drawn to measure glycated hemoglobin HbA1c. Data were analyzed by using SPSS. (Version 22). Thirty seven and a half percent were females and 62.5% males. The mean age of the participants was 55 ±8.23 years. 56.2% of the patients showed good adherence to the exercise with the preponderance to the males, p=0.043. The mean BMI of the participants was 26.62± 3.89 Kg/m2, with half of them considered overweight (25-29.9 Kg/m2), while almost one fifth of the samples were obese. Half of the patients had hypertension and high cholesterol as comorbid conditions. The most frequent antidiabetic classes utilized by the patients were sulfonylureas, 62.5% and biguanides 62.5%. There was a limited use of DPP-4 inhibitors, sitagliptin and alogliptin (6.2%). 53.1% of the studied patients utilized monotherapy, followed by a combination of oral antidiabetics 37.55%, and a combination of oral antidiabetics and insulin (9.3%). The mean value of HbA1c of the samples studied was 9.65 ±2.33%. Only 12.5% of the patients had good glycemic control and 87.5% of the participants had HbA1c of ≥ 7 %. Almost forty percent of the patients with HbA1c ≥7% had cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and higher cholesterol (p=0.019). In conclusion, the most frequent antidiabetic classes utilized by type-2-patients who attended outpatients clinics were sulfonylureas and biguanides with a tendency to use combination regimens. The majority of patients had poor glycemic control associated with cardiovascular morbidity. Attention should be given on the treatment regimens and dosage.