Abstract
Purpose: To clarify the diabetes-reducing abilities of the polyphenol-rich extract from Tadehagi triquetrum (HC) in diabetic ob/ob mice.Methods: Aerial parts of T. triquetrum were extracted under reflux and partitioned by n-butanol to generate HC. The effects of HC consumption on blood glucose and lipids, insulin resistance, and liver glucose metabolism were evaluated in vivo. The main compounds of HC were tested for their effects on stimulating glucose consumption and uptake by HepG2 hepatocytes and C2C12 myotubes.Results: After HC treatment, body fat, subcutaneous fat, and epidydimal fat masses decreased (p <0.05), while mean daily food intake was unaffected. HC (200–400 mg/kg) decreased fasting blood glucose, glycosylated serum protein (GSP), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc); it also lowered hyperinsulinemia, improved oral glucose tolerance, and reduced hyperlipidemia and liver fat content (p < 0.05). HC treatment markedly elevated liver glycogen content and activity of hepatic glucokinase and pyruvate kinase (p < 0.05). Eight polyphenols were isolated from HC, six of which potently stimulated glucose consumption and uptake in vivo.Conclusion: HC has potent antidiabetic activities. Polyphenols are the main compounds accounting for these effects. Chronic oral administration of HC may be an alternative therapy for managing diabetes, but this has to be subjected first to clinical studies.
 Keywords: Tadehagi triquetrum, Diabetes, Phenylpropanoid glucosides, Pyruvate kinase, Glucokinase
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is prevailed throughout the world
Recent investigations have revealed that phenolic compounds, especially phenylpropanoid glucosides, in this medicinal plant exhibit potent lipid- and glucose-decreasing effects in vitro [68]
The antidiabetic effects of T. triquetrum aerial parts have not been heretofore tested in vivo
Summary
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is prevailed throughout the world. Hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance (IR) are main characteristics of T2DM [1]. The diabetesreducing effects of the polyphenol-rich fraction from T. triquetrum aerial parts (HC) were tested in diabetic ob/ob mice. The fractions obtained in this manner were further separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a mixed solvent (methanol:water 35:65, v/v) and a semipreparative HPLC column, which yielded compound 6 (71.0 mg). Trop J Pharm Res, April 2020; 19(4):830 previously described [9,10]] Both cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum at a certain temperature and a fixed concentration of carbon dioxide as previous reports [9,10]. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) displayed unimportant differences between any of the groups of ob/ob mice, suggesting that the beneficial effects of HC were not associated with liver toxicity (Figure 3)
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