Abstract
Fractionation of ethanol extract from the actual seeds of Swietenia macrophylla afforded seven new limonoids, swielimonoids A-G (1-7), together with twenty known compounds. Compounds 1 and 2, mexicanolide-type limonoids, have a a,b-unsaturated d-lactone moiety (ring D) and a C = C bond between C-8 and C-30. Compounds 4-7 were categorized as a highly oxygenated phragmalin-type limonoid. The structures of these compounds were elucidated through the interpretation of spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR technologies (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY). The anti-Dengue virus activities of isolated components from S. macrophylla were revealed for the first time. A dozen of compounds were subjected to the bioassay, and compounds 3 and 8-11 were active in the range of 3.5 – 12.5 mM. Among them, the new limonoid 3 exhibited significant activity (EC50= 7.2 ± 1.33 mM) with maximum selection index CC50/EC50 value > 27.7.
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