Abstract
The present study was designed to explore the anti-cell proliferative efficacy of ferulic acid by analysing the expression pattern of cell proliferative markers, proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1, in the buccal mucosa of golden Syrian hamsters treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Oral squamous cell carcinomas developed in the buccal pouch of hamsters using topical application of 0.5% DMBA three times a week for 14 weeks. Immunohistochemical (PCNA) and RT-PCR (Cyclin D1) analysis revealed over expression of PCNA and cyclin D1 in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA alone (tumor bearing hamsters). Oral administration of ferulic acid at a dose of 40 mg/kg bw to hamsters treated with DMBA not only completely prevented the tumor formation but also down regulated the expression of PCNA and cyclin D1. The results of the present study thus suggests that ferulic acid might have inhibited tumor formation in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA through its anti-cell proliferative potential as evidenced by decreased expression of PCNA and cyclin D1.
Highlights
Malignant tumors are characterized by abnormal cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis (Misery et al, 2003)
Immunohistochemical (PCNA) and RT-PCR (Cyclin D1) analysis revealed over expression of proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA alone
The results of the present study suggests that ferulic acid might have inhibited tumor formation in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA through its anti-cell proliferative potential as evidenced by decreased expression of PCNA and cyclin D1
Summary
Malignant tumors are characterized by abnormal cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis (Misery et al, 2003). Oral cancer is one of the most common malignancies and affects around 5,000,000 new cases every year (Sharma et al, 2010a). Oral cancer incidence is predominant in South East Asia and 62% of the total cases of oral cancers are reported from developing countries. Despite recent advancement in the treatment strategy, the five year survival rate of oral cancer patients is still disappointingly stable due to late diagnosis. Diagnosis and appropriate treatment modalities at right time for oral cancer could help to markedly improve the survival rates of oral cancer patients (Pierce et al, 2012). Epidemiological and cohort studies pointed out that oral cancer incidence can be minimized by avoiding the use of well known risk factors of oral cancer (Seoane et al, 2012)
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