Anti-Candida attributes and in-silico drug-likeness properties of phenyl 2'β, 6'β-trimethyl cyclohexyl ketone and phenyl nonanyl ether produced by Streptomyces chrestomyceticus ADP4.

Abstract

To isolate and characterize anti-Candida compounds from soil actinobacterium Streptomyces chrestomyceticus ADP4 and to assess their drug likeness. Two anti-Candida compounds, Phenyl 2'α, 2'β, 6'β-trimethyl cyclohexyl ketone (1PB1) and Phenyl nonanyl ether (1PB2), were isolated from the metabolites produced by Streptomyces chrestomyceticus ADP4. Their structures were deduced by extensive analyses of spectral data obtained from liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopies. While both the compounds inhibited growth of the Candida spp., 1PB2 was effective in inhibiting biofilm formed by Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The compounds did not show any cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells and were found to be safe when predicted theoretically on rat model, bioaccumulation and mutagenicity by using the software: toxicity estimation software tool (TEST). The compounds displayed drug-like properties when analyzed by using SwissADME software. 1PB1 and 1PB2 are being reported for the first time from any natural source along with their anti-Candida properties. In-silico studies revealed their druggability and suitability to take up further work on the compounds for their possible application in treating Candida-associated infections. The increasing prevalence of Candidiasis associated with drug-resistant strains of Candida spp. highlighted the urgent need for discovery of new compounds with anti-Candida properties that could hold promise as potential drug candidate.