Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is among the most frequent oral cancers in individuals under 40. Documents have endorsed that a diet enriched with fruit and vegetables can banish the risk of developing major cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of four medicinal herbs including saffron, ginger, cinnamon and curcumin on OSCC cell line. Having obtained the aqueous extract of the four herbs, they were administered on OSCC cell lines per se and in dual, triple, and quadruple combinations. Their effects were measured in different concentrations and in 24 and 48 hours by using MTT assay. The minimum and maximum effective concentrations were respectively 108 and 217 mg/ml for curcumin with IC30 of 77mg/ml, 108 and 270 mg/ml for ginger with IC30 of 58 mg/ml, 2 and 10 mg/ml for saffron with IC30 of 1.9 mg/ml, and 5 and 40 mg/ml for cinnamon with IC30 of 3.3 mg/ml. The best effect of the combinations was seen for cinnamon-saffron after both 24 and 48 hours and the four herbs combination after 48 hours. Although all the four herbs were effective on OSCC cell line, the strongest extract was saffron, followed by cinnamon. Combination of cinnamon-saffron and combination of the four herbs showed maximum effects. These findings suggest that traditional medicinal herbs may potentially contribute to oral cancer treatment; providing new windows for the development of new therapeutic strategies for OSCC.
Highlights
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is among the most prevalent oral cancers, the risk of which is increasing in individuals under 40 years old, in developed countries (Aghbali et al, 2013)
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of four medicinal herbs including saffron, ginger, cinnamon and curcumin on OSCC cell line
This study investigated the anti-cancer effects of four medicinal herbs including curcumin, saffron, ginger, and cinnamon on OSCC
Summary
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is among the most prevalent oral cancers, the risk of which is increasing in individuals under 40 years old, in developed countries (Aghbali et al, 2013). Evidence has endorsed that people with a diet rich in fruits and vegetables are less likely to develop major cancers (Buch et al, 2012). Buch et al, (2012) reported that this plant induced the phagocytosis of free radicals and inhibited lipid peroxidation.It is believed that curcumin decreases the proliferation of tumoral cells. It suppresses the tumor angiogenesis, and reduces the tumor growth and metastasis. Kuttan et al , (1987) observed that the ethanol extract of turmeric like topical curcumin completely healed the cancer symptoms
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