Abstract
Previous study has shown the antimicrobial activities of mucus protein extracted from Anabastestudineus. In this study, we are interested in characterizing the anticancer activity of the A.testudineus antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The mucus was extracted, fractioned, and subjected to antibacterial activity testing to confirm the fish's AMPs production. The cytotoxic activity of each fraction was also identified. Fraction 2 (F2), which shows toxicity against MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 were sent for peptide sequencing to identify the bioactive peptide. The two peptides were then synthetically produced and subjected to cytotoxic assay to prove their efficacy against cancer cell lines. The IC50 for AtMP1 against MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 were 8.25 ± 0.14 μg/ml and 9.35 ± 0.25 μg/ml respectively, while for AtMP2 it is 5.89 ± 0.14 μg/ml and 6.97 ± 0.24 μg/ml respectively. AtMP1 and AtMP2 treatment for 48 h induced breast cancer cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by upregulating the p53, which lead to upregulate pro-apoptotic BAX gene and downregulate the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 gene, consequently, trigger the activation of the caspase-3. This interaction was supported by docking analysis (QuickDBD, HPEPDOCK, and ZDOCK) and immunoprecipitation. This study provided new prospects in the development of highly effective and selective cancer therapeutics based on antimicrobial peptides.
Highlights
Previous study has shown the antimicrobial activities of mucus protein extracted from Anabas testudineus
Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) hepcidin TH2-3 has been tested on multiple lines of tumour cells, which showed that human fibro sarcoma (HT1080 cell line) proliferation was inhibited[19]
The epidermal mucus obtained from A. testudineus was scrapped to yield the mucus sample
Summary
Previous study has shown the antimicrobial activities of mucus protein extracted from Anabas testudineus. AtMP1 and AtMP2 treatment for 48 h induced breast cancer cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by upregulating the p53, which lead to upregulate pro-apoptotic BAX gene and downregulate the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 gene, trigger the activation of the caspase-3. This interaction was supported by docking analysis (QuickDBD, HPEPDOCK, and ZDOCK) and immunoprecipitation. Breast cancer poses a crucial public health concern, which needs more molecular-level study to identify its prognosis and clinical c are[1,2] It has become apparent in recent years that breast cancer does not constitute a single disease but rather a variety of molecularly distinct tumours that emerge from the breast’s epithelial cells. Chang and co-workers have examined an antimicrobial peptide (TH1-5) to determine antitumor activity in cancer cells, including human cervix adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa), human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2), human fibro sarcoma cells (HT1080), Cercopithecus aethiops kidney cells (COS-7), and human kidneys cells (WS-1)[20]
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