Abstract
Bovistella sinensis (BS) Lloyd was medically used by Chinese folks and associated with various bioactivities. In this study, dry fruiting body of Bovistella sinensis (BS) Lloyd was self-fermented to improve the anti-breast-cancer activity and the mitochondrial ROS-induced apoptosis of key compound was investigated. BS extracts obtained with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethanol, and distilled water showed various inhibitory effects on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231. The various self-fermented BS extracts had a better effect on inhibition of MDA-MB-231 proliferation than that of untreated. And the ethyl acetate extract was found having the highest inhibitory effect on MDA-MB-231 proliferation, which was further separated into seven fractions. And among these fractions, fraction 6 exhibited the highest performance, where the major component F was obtained. The inhibition rate of 50 μg/ml of component F on MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and MCF-10A were 60.12%, 56.16%, and 6.45%, respectively, showed the low toxicity in normal cell line. When treated with F, the activity and the mitochondrial membrane potential of MDA-MB-231 cells decreased significantly, while the intracellular reactive oxygen species increased, showed that the mitochondrial pathway was induced by reactive oxygen species. The HPLC, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and 2D NMR analysis showed component F may be a kind of fatty acid or ester. Therefore, self-fermentation may be an efficient technology that could improve anti-tumor activity and component F from self-fermented BS might be considered as an anti-cancer ingredient applied in functional food and anti-carcinogen. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Anti-breast-cancer activity and mechanism of self-fermented Bovistella sinensis Lloyd extract were investigated. The ethyl acetate extract showed a comparatively higher inhibitory effect and was separated into seven fractions. Fraction 6 showed the strongest cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and obtained a major component F with low cytotoxicity in a normal cell line. Component F had the potential to be used as natural anti-cancer agents.
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