Anti-biogram pattern of uro-pathogens isolated from patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karnataka, India

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the important causes of morbidity in the community.Development of antibiotic resistance among uro-pathogensposeproblem in the treatment of UTI.Hence it is essential to examine the prevalence of such uro-pathogens and study theiranti-biogram. Materials and Methods: Bacteria isolated from midstream urine samples collected aseptically from 266 patients over a period of 6 months from November 2016 to April 2017 were identifiedbystandard microbiological procedures. Anti-biogram was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted as per the CLSI guidelines. Result: Out of 266 urine samples, 136 (51.12%) were found to be positive for microbial isolates, of which 96 (71.3%) samples were from females and 40 (29.4%) samples were from males. Escherichia coli was the predominant organism (47.05%) followed by Pseudomonas species (13.2%), Enterococcus species (11.7%), Klebsiella species (7.3%), Citrobacter koseri (4.4%) and Proteus species (2.9%). Enterobacteriaceae shows highest sensitivity towards nitrofurantoin (86%), amikacin (68%) and gentamicin (59%) and resistance towards norfloxacin (74%). Sensitivity of Pseudomonas spp was 72.2% for piperacillin/tazobactam, 44.4% for amikacin and 66% resistance to ceftazidime. Sensitivity pattern of Enterococci spp to nitrofurantoin 96.6%, aminoglycosides 78%, and fluroquinolones 50%. An attempt was made to study ESBL production among Enterobacteriaceae members. The isolates were 54.4% multidrug resistant (MDR) and 38.8% were ESBL producers. Conclusion: In our study E.coli was the most common uropathogen isolated. Patterns of antibiotic resistance in a wide variety of pathogenic organism were noted. To prevent the development of resistance, periodic evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility patterns is necessary. Keywords: Enterobacteriaceae, Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, Uro-pathogens.