Abstract
Background6-Shogaol is a constituent of ginger that imparts the pungent flavor and a hydrolysis product of gingerols. This study aimed to investigate the potential of 6-shogaol as a natural cosmetic raw material by examining its anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-aging effects in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs).MethodsCell cycle analysis, ApoAlert caspase-3 colorimetric assay, and qRT-PCR analysis to assess the anti-apoptotic effects and qRT-PCR to measure the expression of SOD, CAT, and NRF2 to assess the antioxidant effects of 6-shogaol were performed; dichlorofluorescein diacetate was used to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS). Anti-aging effects were examined using qRT-PCR analysis to measure the expression of COL1A1 and MMP1 as well as using an SA-beta Gal assay.Results6-Shogaol showed no toxicity in HDFs at concentrations 5, 10, and 20 μM, and increased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. qRT-PCR analysis showed that 6-shogaol pre-treatment downregulated the expression of BAX, caspase 3, and caspase 9 in a dose-dependent manner. Sub-G1 cells, which are rarely found in the normal cell cycle, decreased in a concentration-dependent manner after 6-shogaol pre-treatment, and treatment ameliorated the ROS increase observed upon UVA (10 J/cm2) irradiation of HDFs and the expression of NRF2 increased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of SOD and CAT, which are typical cellular antioxidant enzymes, increased. 6-Shogaol also increased the expression of COL1A1, the gene type 1 collagen in HDFs, and decreased the expression of MMP1, which codes for an enzyme that degrades type 1 collagen, thus promoting collagen formation.ConclusionsThese results suggest that 6-shogaol can be used as a cosmetic material for preventing skin aging because of the cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant effects in the HDFs identified in this study.
Highlights
Ultraviolet rays are one of the most common causes of extrinsic aging and can be divided into UVA, UVB, and UVC depending on their wavelength
Pro-apoptotic caspases 3 and 9 as well as the pro-apoptotic protein Bax decreased in a dose-dependent manner upon 6-shogaol treatment
This suggests that 6-shogaol inhibits the UVA-induced apoptosis of Human dermal fibroblast (HDF)
Summary
Ultraviolet rays are one of the most common causes of extrinsic aging and can be divided into UVA, UVB, and UVC depending on their wavelength. UVA, which has a relatively long wavelength range at 320–400 nm, has a lower energy level than UVB but is 20 times more abundant on the earth’s surface because it is not absorbed in the atmosphere; it can penetrate the dermal layer (Kim et al 2011; Piao et al 2013). Han et al Biomedical Dermatology 7(2018): anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. There have been no studies on the effects of 6-shogaol in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) with respect to its possible use in cosmetics. This study sought to investigate the potential of 6-shogaol as a natural cosmetic raw material by examining its possible anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-aging effects in HDFs
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
