Abstract
Skin, being one of the vital organs and a protective barrier needs to be pampered and taken care of from early childhood. It is the most visible and the widest exposed organ and by far reflects the general health condition and the aging process in humans. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to this complex biological process of skin aging. In recent times, skin health and its beauty is perceived as an indicator of one’s health which has resulted in an increasing demand for anti-aging products. Exposure to UV radiation is considered to be one of the factors responsible for aging termed as photoaging. In this review, we have discussed the various factors which may accelerate the process of skin aging. Various approaches and strategies to delay the process of skin aging have been emphasized upon. The patents filed in the area of anti-aging and sunscreen products have also been reviewed to gain an insight into the new formulations which have been developed as an anti-aging product. There has been a tremendous rise in the cosmetic and cosmeceuticals market with products having a dual activity of anti-aging and sun protection. Research is constantly on the rise to ensure the safety of these products. Alternatives to the current topical application of sunscreen are being considered to overcome the drawback of reapplication of the sunscreen often which can be a boon to the cosmeceutical market.
Highlights
Skin is a protective layer of the body of any animal including humans
The patents filed in the area of anti-aging and sunscreen products have been reviewed to gain an insight into the new formulations which have been developed as an anti-aging product
Studies were conducted on 126 subjects which revealed that fetal stem cells (FSCs) were found to be safe and efficacious for rejuvenation therapy.[69]. These results proved that stem cells could be a promising alternative to the currently available anti-aging products
Summary
Skin is a protective layer of the body of any animal including humans. As the age progresses, certain changes occur in the skin which are influenced by certain extrinsic and intrinsic factors.[1]. Polyphenols, a novel set of compounds have garnered widespread interests as effective anti-aging compounds possessing significant antioxidant properties They prevent the formation of reactive oxygen species triggered by exogenous (UV radiations) and endogenous agents thereby inhibiting oxidative skin damage.[8] Vitamin B3, C, and E which shows sufficient penetration into the skin form the most important antioxidant substances. Defense mechanisms by the cellular antioxidants help to prevent the damage caused by the oxidizing components of UV radiations.[8] Antioxidants react with the superoxides and suppress the skin diseases caused by reactive oxygen species.[19] The different types of free radical scavengers are superoxide dismutase, coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, vitamin C, zinc sulfate, green tea, ferulic acid, idebenone, polyphenols, and carotenoids.[11] Several photoprotective agents are nothing but protective clothing, umbrellas, trees which acts as sunblock. It is a moisturizer which protects the skin from UV rays, free radical damage and photo aging
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